KRITIK EKOLOGI SASTRA PUISI “SAJAK TANAH SELASIH” DALAM KUMPULAN PUISI “AIR MATA (TANAH) BALI” KARYA GM SUKAWIDANA SEBAGAI SARANA BERLITERASI KEARIFAN LOKAL

Abstrak

Kerusakan lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh alam dan manusia adalah dua penyebab utama kerusakan lingkungan. Bencana alam seperti gempa bumi, letusan gunung berapi, tsunami, banjir, dll. adalah contoh dari faktor-faktor alam. Penebangan liar, pencemaran sungai, konversi lahan, dan faktor-faktor manusia lainnya adalah contohnya. Sebagai makhluk yang waras, manusia harus melindungi alam untuk menjaga keseimbangan ekologis dan melindungi planet serta semua makhluk hidup, termasuk diri kita sendiri. Sastra adalah salah satu saluran yang digunakan untuk menyebarkan pemikiran dan pesan tentang alam dalam upaya melindungi lingkungan. Sebuah puisi dikenal dengan keindahan kata-kata yang terdapat didalamnya, oleh sebab itu puisi diciptakan dengan penuh majas sehingga berbunyi indah. Pertemuan antara konsep ekologi dan karya sastra melahirkan konsep ekokritik. Literasi kearifan lokal merupakan model suatu media yang memanfaatkan kearifan lokal sebagai penangkal dampak negatif media massa. Penelitian ini mempergunakan metode deskriftif kualittaif dengan teknik baca catat, dengan sumber berupa puisi karya GM Sukawidana pada buku sajak-sajak GM Sukawidana “Puisi Air Mata (Tanah) Bali” yang berjudul “Sajak Tanah Selasih”. Oleh karena itu, diharapkan penelitian ini akan benar-benar memberikan kontribusi terhadap pengembangan pembelajaran sastra yang lebih kontekstual, transformatif, dan berakar pada budaya lokal, sekaligus mendorong pelestarian lingkungan dan nilai-nilai budaya Bali melalui pendidikan.

Marianus Mantovanny Tapung's play, War and Peace, is the subject of this descriptive qualitative study on language impoliteness. This study aims to identify and describe the various speech acts that can be found in Marianus Mantovanny Tapung's theater work, War and Peace. In addition, this study also aims to identify and describe the language impoliteness that can be found in the text. Hopefully, the findings of this study can help reduce language impoliteness among language users, especially in Indonesia, and be able to speak well and correctly in accordance with the principles of language politeness. The data collection method used in this research is the listening and note-taking method. In the text of the theater drama entitled War and Peace by Marianus Mantovanny Tapung, 45 speech acts were found, with details, 7 quotes of the use of assertive speech acts, 14 quotes of the use of directive speech acts, 2 quotes of the use of commissive speech acts, 2 quotes of the use of expressive speech acts, 2 quotes of the use of declarative speech acts, and 15 quotes of the use of rogative speech acts. Environmental damage caused by nature and humans are the two main causes of environmental degradation. Natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis, floods, etc. are examples of natural factors. Illegal logging, river pollution, land conversion, and other human factors are examples. As sane beings, humans should protect nature to maintain ecological balance and protect the planet and all living beings, including ourselves. Literature is one of the channels used to spread thoughts and messages about nature in an effort to protect the environment. A poem is known for the beauty of the words contained in it, therefore poetry is created with full of majas so that it sounds beautiful. The meeting between the concept of ecology and literary works gave birth to the concept of ecocriticism. Local wisdom literacy is a media model that utilizes local wisdom as an antidote to the negative impact of mass media. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with the technique of reading and writing, with the source in the form of poems by GM Sukawidana in the book of GM Sukawidana's poems “Poetry of Bali's Tears (Land)” entitled “Sajak Tanah Selasih”. Therefore, it is hoped that this research will truly contribute to the development of literary learning that is more contextual, transformative, and rooted in local culture, while encouraging the preservation of the environment and Balinese cultural values through poetry.